Prevalence of antibodies against visceralizing Leishmania spp. in brown rats from Grenada, West Indies

Research (Published online: 24-09-2018)

19. Prevalence of antibodies against visceralizing Leishmania spp. in brown rats from Grenada, West Indies

Alexa Rosypal von Dohlen, Nautica Cheathem, Keshaw Tiwari and Ravindra Nath Sharma

Veterinary World, 11(9): 1321-1325

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim: Leishmania spp. are known to cause disease in man and animals. Rats are considered important reservoir hosts and transmission takes place through the bite of female sand fly, Phlebotomusspp. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published information on Leishmania infection in rats in Grenada. This study was conducted to estimate the antibodies for visceralizing Leishmania spp. (VL) in rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada.

Materials and Methods: A total of 146 brown rats (R. norvegicus) were trapped live from two parishes (St. George and St. David) in Grenada. Following anesthesia, blood was collected from the heart through thoracic puncture. The serum was collected after the centrifugation of blood. Serum was tested for antibodies to VL. with a commercially available immunochromatographic dipstick test which is licensed for use in animals and humans.

Results: The seroprevalence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. was found in 34 of 146 rats (23.3%; CI 95% from 16.70 to 30.99). No significant differences were found between sexes and young or adults. The prevalence between parishes (St. George and St. David) was also not significant.

Conclusion: The results show that rats (R. norvegicus) in Grenada are exposed to Leishmania spp. The rats could play an important role in the transmission of leishmaniasis to humans and other animals in Grenada.

Keywords: brown rats, Grenada, leishmaniasis, prevalence, serum antibodies.