Reviewer Acknowledgment (Published online: 17-01-2017)
9. Veterinary World reviewer acknowledgment 2016 - A. V. Sherasiya and Nazir
Veterinary World, 10(1): 56-60
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.56-60
Tuesday, 17 January 2017
Friday, 13 January 2017
Transcriptomic comparison of primary bovine horn core carcinoma culture and parental tissue at early stage
Research (Published online: 13-01-2017)
8. Transcriptomic comparison of primary bovine horn core carcinoma culture and parental tissue at early stage - Sharadindu Shil, R. S. Joshi, C. G. Joshi, A. K. Patel, Ravi K. Shah, Namrata Patel, Subhash J. Jakhesara, Sumana Kundu, Bhaskar Reddy, P. G. Koringa and D. N. Rank
Veterinary World, 10(1): 38-55
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.38-55
Aim: Squamous cell carcinoma or SCC of horn in bovines (bovine horn core carcinoma) frequently observed in Bos indicus affecting almost 1% of cattle population. Freshly isolated primary epithelial cells may be closely related to the malignant epithelial cells of the tumor. Comparison of gene expression in between horn’s SCC tissue and its early passage primary culture using next generation sequencing was the aim of this study.
Materials and Methods: Whole transcriptome sequencing of horn’s SCC tissue and its early passage cells using Ion Torrent PGM were done. Comparative expression and analysis of different genes and pathways related to cancer and biological processes associated with malignancy, proliferating capacity, differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, adhesion, cohesion, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metabolic pathways were identified.
Results: Up-regulated genes in SCC of horn’s early passage cells were involved in transporter activity, catalytic activity, nucleic acid binding transcription factor activity, biogenesis, cellular processes, biological regulation and localization and the down-regulated genes mainly were involved in focal adhesion, extracellular matrix receptor interaction and spliceosome activity.
Conclusion: The experiment revealed similar transcriptomic nature of horn’s SCC tissue and its early passage cells.
Keywords: cummerbund, gene ontology, primary culture, RNA-sequencing, squamous cell carcinoma of horn, transcriptome profiling.
Thursday, 12 January 2017
Incidence and virulence characteristics of Aeromonas spp. in fish
Research (Published online: 12-01-2017)
7. Incidence and virulence characteristics of Aeromonas spp. in fish - Ashraf M. Abd-El-Malek
Veterinary World, 10(1): 34-37
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.34-37
Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of Aeromonas spp. in raw and ready-to-eat (RTE) fish commonly consumed in Assiut city, Egypt, and to determine virulence factors due to they play a key role in their pathogenicity.
Materials and Methods: A total of 125 samples of raw and RTE fish samples were taken from different fish markets and fish restaurants in Assiut Governorate and screened for the presence of Aeromonas spp. by enrichment on tryptic soy broth then incubated at 30°C for 24 h. Plating unto the sterile Petri dishes containing Aeromonas agar base to which Aeromonas selective supplement was added. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Presumptive Aeromonas colonies were biochemically confirmed and analyzed for pathogenicity by hemolysin production, protease, and lipase detection.
Results: The results indicated that raw fish were contaminated with Aeromonas spp. (40% in wild and 36% in cultured Nile tilapia). Regarding RTE, Aeromonas spp. could be isolated with the percentage of 16%, 28% and 20% in fried Bolti, grilled Bolti and fried Bayad, respectively. Out of 35 isolates obtained, 22 were categorized as Aeromonas hydrophila, 12 were classified as Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas caviae were found in only one isolate. The virulence factors of Aeromonas spp. were detected and the results showed that all isolates produced of hemolysin (91.4%), protease (77.1%), and lipase enzyme (17.1%).
Conclusion: This study indicates that the presence of A. hydrophila with virulence potential in fresh and RTE fish may be a major threat to public health.
Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, fish, hemolysin, lipase, protease enzyme, public health.
Wednesday, 11 January 2017
Prevalence of colibacillosis in chickens in greater Mymensingh district of Bangladesh
Research (Published online: 11-01-2017)
6. Prevalence of colibacillosis in chickens in greater Mymensingh district of Bangladesh - Md. Abdul Matin, Md. Ariful Islam and Mst. Minara Khatun
Veterinary World, 10(1): 29-33
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.29-33
Aim: This study was conducted for determination of the prevalence of colibacillosis in chicken in poultry farms in Mymensingh and Tangail districts. Isolation, identification, and antibiogram profile of Escherichia coli were also performed.
Materials and Methods: A total of 25 chickens manifested clinical signs of colibacillosis were collected from five different poultry farms during natural outbreaks.
Results: In broiler, the prevalence of colibacillosis was 0.84%, and in layer, prevalence was 0.80%. The prevalence of colibacillosis was 1.0% and 0.5% in 25-30 days old and 31-35 days old broiler, respectively. In case of layer birds, the prevalence was 0.6% in 40-45 days old bird and 1% in 46-50 days old bird. Identity of the E. coli isolate of chicken was confirmed by sugar fermentation, biochemical tests, and polymerase chain reaction assay. Antibiogram profile of E. coli isolate of chicken revealed that it was multidrug resistant (resistant against two antibiotics, such as ampicillin and cefalexin).
Conclusion: Data of this study suggest that colibacillosis is prevalent in the study areas which underscore the need of implementation of prevention and control measure against this disease.
Keywords: chicken, colibacillosis, multidrug resistant Escherichia coli, Mymensingh, Tangail.
Tuesday, 10 January 2017
M-mode echocardiographic reference values in Pantja goats
Research (Published online: 10-01-2017)
5. M-mode echocardiographic reference values in Pantja goats - Parul Singh, Narendra Singh Jadon, Deepti Bodh and Manjul Kandpal
Veterinary World, 10(1): 22-28
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.22-28
Aim: The aim of this study was to establish M-mode echocardiographic reference values in Pantja goats and to study the effect of gender and body weight (BW) on these parameters.
Materials and Methods: A total of 18, clinically healthy, adult Pantja goats of either sex, aged 2-4 years and weighing 10-44 kg were included in the study. Echocardiographic examination was performed in the standing unsedated animal. All measurements were made from the right parasternal long-axis left ventricular outflow tract view of the heart. The following parameters were recorded: Left ventricular internal diameter at diastole and systole, interventricular septal thickness at diastole and systole, left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) thickness at diastole and systole, end diastolic and systolic volumes, stroke volume, fractional shortening, ejection fraction, percent systolic thickening of interventricular septum, percent systolic thickening of LVPW, cardiac output, left atrial (LA) diameter at diastole and systole, aortic (AO) root diameter at diastole and systole, LA/AO, LA posterior wall thickness at diastole and systole, left ventricular ejection time, DE amplitude, EF slope, AC interval and e-point to septal separation.
Results: This study demonstrated specific reference ranges of M-mode echocardiographic parameters and indices in healthy Pantja goats. Normal echocardiographic values obtained in Pantja goats were quite different from other goat breeds. Gender had no influence on echocardiographic parameters, while high correlations were found between most echocardiographic parameters and BW.
Conclusion: The echocardiographic values obtained in the study may serve as a reference for future studies in this breed, for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and for utilizing the goat as a model for cardiac disorders in humans.
Keywords: echocardiography, goats, heart disease, M-mode, Pantja.
Monday, 9 January 2017
Study of the dairy characters of lactating Murrah buffaloes on the basis of body parts measurements
Research (Published online: 09-01-2017)
4. Study of the dairy characters of lactating Murrah buffaloes on the basis of body parts measurements - Sandeep Dhillod, Dipankar Kar, C. S. Patil, Subhasish Sahu and Narender Singh
Veterinary World, 10(1): 17-21
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.17-21
Aim: The aim of the study was to correlate the milk yield of Murrah buffaloes with certain body parts measurements.
Materials and Methods: A total of 70 lactating Murrah buffaloes were selected from Buffalo Farm, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hisar and were randomly selected in a range from first to fifth parity. Traits studied were 305 days milk yield (MY), body weight (BW), body length (BL), muzzle width (MW), height at wither (HW), abdominal girth (AG), chest girth (CG), body depth fore, body depth rear, hip bone distance (HBD), pin bone distance (PBD), skin thickness (STK), and tail length (TL). Data were collected and statically analyzed by Pearson’s correlation method.
Result: The result of this study showed that Murrah buffaloes had the average 2604.8±39.5 kg for MY, 556.1±4.9 kg for BW, and 152.2±0.8 cm for BL. This study showed that buffaloes had positive significant (p<0.05) correlation between MY and BW (0.26). Highly significant (p<0.01) correlation was observed between MY and AG (0.64), MW (0.42). Significant (p<0.01) negative correlation was observed between MY and STK (−0.79). Different body part measurements (BW, BL, HW, AG, CG, MW, TL, BD, PBD, HBD, STK) were significantly correlated with each other.
Conclusion: This study can be helpful as a selection tool to enhance and evaluate the production potential by setting standards of Murrah buffalo breed. BW, abdominal growth, muzzle thickness, and STK were found key factors while selecting a dairy Murrah buffalo.
Keywords: body parts measurements, correlation, dairy characters, regression.
Saturday, 7 January 2017
Effects of different vegetable oils on rumen fermentation and conjugated linoleic acid concentration in vitro
Research (Published online: 08-01-2017)
3. Effects of different vegetable oils on rumen fermentation and conjugated linoleic acid concentration in vitro - Amitava Roy, Guru Prasad Mandal and Amlan Kumar Patra
Veterinary World, 10(1): 11-16
doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.11-16
Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different vegetable oils on rumen fermentation and concentrations of beneficial cis-9 trans-11 C18:2 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-11 C18:1 fatty acid (FA) in the rumen fluid in an in vitro condition.
Materials and Methods: Six vegetable oils including sunflower, soybean, sesame, rice bran, groundnut, and mustard oils were used at three dose levels (0%, 3% and 4% of substrate dry matter [DM] basis) in three replicates for each treatment in a completely randomized design using 6 × 3 factorial arrangement. Rumen fluid for microbial culture was collected from four goats fed on a diet of concentrate mixture and berseem hay at a ratio of 60:40 on DM basis. The in vitro fermentation was performed in 100 ml conical flakes containing 50 ml of culture media and 0.5 g of substrates containing 0%, 3% and 4% vegetable oils.
Results: Oils supplementation did not affect (p>0.05) in vitro DM digestibility, and concentrations of total volatile FAs and ammonia-N. Sunflower oil and soybean oil decreased (p<0.05) protozoal numbers with increasing levels of oils. Other oils had less pronounced effect (p>0.05) on protozoal numbers. Both trans-11 C18:1 FA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentrations were increased (p<0.05) by sunflower and soybean oil supplementation at 4% level with the highest concentration observed for sunflower oil. The addition of other oils did not significantly (p>0.05) increase the trans-11 C18:1 FA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentrations as compared to the control. The concentrations of stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were not altered (p>0.05) due to the addition of any vegetable oils.
Conclusion: Supplementation of sunflower and soybean oils enhanced beneficial trans-11 C18:1 FA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentrations in rumen fluid, while sesame, rice bran, groundnut, and mustard oils were ineffective in this study.
Keywords: conjugated linoleic acid, goat, rumen fluid, vaccenic acid, vegetable oil.
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